| 第 45 卷第 6 期 |  | Vol. 45 No. 6 | | 2015 年 12 月 | Dec 2015 |
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所屬欄目：功能材料
納米纖維素的制備及其對水性聚氨酯的增強作用 |
| 徐晨浩1，王 潔1，黃自知1，胡云楚1*，袁利萍2，卿 彥2，袁光明2，吳義強2
（1. 中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué) 理學(xué)院，湖南 長(cháng)沙 410004；2. 中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，湖南長(cháng)沙 410004） |
| 摘 要：水性聚氨酯以水代替有機溶劑作為分散介質(zhì)，在帶來(lái)環(huán)境優(yōu)勢的同時(shí)降低了力學(xué)性能。在探索具有不同微觀(guān)形貌和尺寸特征納米纖維素制備技術(shù)基礎上，研究納米纖維素形態(tài)尺寸對水性聚氨酯的增強作用和機理。結果表明，聯(lián)合使用機械剪切法和硫酸水解法，調節反應溫度和反應時(shí)間等工藝條件，可以獲得具有不同微觀(guān)形貌和長(cháng)度特征的納米纖維素。當硫酸濃度60%、水解溫度55℃、水解時(shí)間120 min時(shí)，制得纖維素平均長(cháng)度為0.20 μm，長(cháng)度在10~100 nm范圍內的納米纖維素達到34%，平均直徑約為20 nm，平均長(cháng)徑比為10∶1，纖維呈光滑細長(cháng)飛梭狀。乳化預聚體法制備的纖維素／水性聚氨酯乳液具有較好的儲存穩定性，纖維素／水性聚氨酯復合薄膜硬度大幅度提高，拉伸強度達到25.41 MPa，相對于純水性聚氨酯薄膜強度提高346%。 |
| 關(guān)鍵詞：納米纖維素；形貌尺寸；水性聚氨酯；增強作用 |
| 中圖分類(lèi)號：TB324 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1009-9212（2015）06-0052-05 |
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| Preparation of Nano-cellulose and Its Enhancements on Waterborne Polyurethane |
| XU Chen-hao1, WANG Jie1, HUANG Zi-zhi1, HU Yun-chu1*, YUAN Li-ping2, QING Yan2, YUAN Guang-ming2, WU Yi-qiang2
(1. College of science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; 2. College of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China) |
| Abstract：Waterborne polyurethane using water as dispersing media replaced the organic solvent, which brings environmental advantage but reduces the mechanical properties. Based on the preparation technology of nano-cellulose with different morphology and size characteristics, this paper studies the enhancement function and mechanism of nano-cellulose with different morphology and size characteristics on waterborne polyurethane. By using mechanical shearing method together with sulphuric acid hydrolysis method, adjusting the reaction temperature and time, the nano-cellulose with different morphology and size characteristics were gained. The nano-cellulose were gained when the concentration of sulfated acid was 60% and hydrolysis at 55℃ for 120 min, the average length of obtained nano-cellulose was 0.2 μm, 34% length of nano-cellulose distributed range 10~100 nm, the average diameter was about 20 nm, the average length-to-diameter ratio was 10:1, all the nano-cellulose presented smooth and long shuttle shape. The nano-cellulose/waterborne polyurethane latex prepared using emulsion polymers method had good storage stability, and the hardness of nano-cellulose/waterborne polyurethane composite film had been greatly improved, the tensile strength reached 25.41 MPa increased 346% compared with pure waterborne polyurethane film. |
| Key words：nano-cellulose; morphology and size; waterborne polyurethane; enhancement |
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基金項目： 國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（31170521），林業(yè)公益性行業(yè)科研專(zhuān)項經(jīng)費項目（201504503）。
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作者簡(jiǎn)介： 徐晨浩（1989-），男，碩士研究生，遼寧沈陽(yáng)人，主要從事應用化學(xué)和阻燃材料方面的研究（E-mail：108155389@qq.com）。
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聯(lián) 系 人：胡云楚，教授，主要從事材料化學(xué)和木材阻燃研究（E-mail：hucsfu@163.com）。
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收稿日期： 2015-07-2
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